Fahrenheit to Celsius & Celsius to Fahrenheit Converter

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Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius or Celsius to Fahrenheit instantly. Enter an oven temperature, pick your scale, and get the result — plus a full baking temperature conversion chart below.

Temperature

°F

Common temps

Scale

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Fahrenheit to Celsius & Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula

The math behind the conversion

°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9

°F = (°C × 9/5) + 32

The conversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius uses a simple formula. The 32 offset accounts for the freezing point difference, and the 5/9 ratio reflects that a Celsius degree is 1.8× larger than a Fahrenheit degree.

Water freezes at 32°F = 0°C and boils at 212°F = 100°C.
Mental shortcut for baking: simply divide Fahrenheit by 2. For 350°F: 350 ÷ 2 = 175°C (exact: 176.7°C — off by less than 2°C). This works remarkably well for oven temperatures: 400°F ÷ 2 = 200°C (exact: 204°C), 450°F ÷ 2 = 225°C (exact: 232°C). Quick, accurate, and easy to remember.
For oven temperatures, round to the nearest 5°C or 10°F. Ovens aren't precise enough for single-degree accuracy.

Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion Chart (°F to °C)

Quick reference for common Fahrenheit to Celsius conversions

This chart covers the most commonly searched temperature conversions. Find your value and read across for the equivalent.

Fahrenheit (°F)	Celsius (°C)	Common Use
0°F	−17.8°C	Freezer
32°F	0°C	Water freezes
68°F	20°C	Room temperature
100°F	37.8°C	Body temperature (approx.)
105°F	40.6°C	Warm water for yeast proofing (ideal 38–43°C)
150°F	65.6°C	Low dehydrating / drying
200°F	93.3°C	Slow oven / warming
212°F	100°C	Water boils
250°F	121.1°C	Very low oven
300°F	148.9°C	Low oven / slow roasting
325°F	162.8°C	Moderate low (cookies, cake)
350°F	176.7°C	Standard baking temp
375°F	190.6°C	Moderate (pies, pastries)
400°F	204.4°C	Hot oven (bread, roasting)
425°F	218.3°C	High (pizza, focaccia)
450°F	232.2°C	Very hot (artisan bread)
475°F	246.1°C	Max home oven (pizza)
500°F	260°C	Pizza stone / steel
550°F	287.8°C	Broiler / max pizza

Values are rounded to one decimal place. For exact conversions, use the calculator above.

Oven Temperature Chart for Baking

Baking temperatures for bread, pizza, pastries and more — °F and °C

Every bread and pastry has an ideal baking temperature. Too low and you get a pale, undercooked crust. Too high and the outside burns before the inside is done. This chart shows the standard oven temperature for the most common baked goods.

Baked Good	°F	°C	Notes
Sourdough Bread	450–475	230–245	Preheat with Dutch oven. Reduce to 425°F (220°C) after 20 min.
Sandwich Bread	350–375	175–190	Lower temp for softer crust. Enriched doughs need lower heat.
Baguette	450–475	230–245	Steam for first 15 min. High heat = crispy crust.
Ciabatta	425–450	220–230	High hydration needs high heat for oven spring.
Focaccia	425–450	220–230	Generous olive oil. Bake until golden on top.
Pizza (home oven)	475–550	245–290	As hot as your oven goes. Use a pizza stone or steel.
Pizza (wood-fired)	800–900	425–480	Neapolitan pizza bakes in 60–90 seconds.
Bagels	425–450	220–230	Boil first, then bake. Flip halfway through.
Brioche	350–375	175–190	Rich dough browns fast. Watch carefully after 20 min.
Croissants	375–400	190–205	Start higher for puff, reduce to finish baking through.
Cookies	325–375	165–190	Lower = chewy. Higher = crispy. Check at minimum time.
Cake	325–350	165–175	Even, moderate heat. Don't open oven for first 20 min.
Pie crust	375–425	190–220	Blind bake at higher temp. Fill and finish at lower.
Banana bread	325–350	165–175	Low and slow. Dense batter needs time to cook through.

All temperatures assume a conventional (non-convection) oven. For convection/fan ovens, reduce by 25°F or 20°C — see the section below.

Fahrenheit, Celsius & Gas Mark: Oven Scales Explained

How oven temperature scales differ around the world

Recipes from different countries use different temperature scales. Here's how they compare and how to convert between them.

Fahrenheit (°F)

Used in the United States and a few Caribbean nations. American recipes almost always list oven temperatures in Fahrenheit. Common baking range: 300–500°F.

Tip: If a recipe says "350 degrees" with no unit, it's Fahrenheit — standard American baking temperature.

Celsius (°C)

Used in Europe, Australia, Asia, and most of the world. Also called Centigrade. Common baking range: 150–260°C. Scientific standard.

Tip: European recipes often round to the nearest 10°C (180°C, 200°C, 220°C). This makes conversion easier.

Gas Mark

An older British system still found in UK and Australian recipes. Gas Mark 1 = 275°F (135°C), and each mark adds roughly 25°F (14°C). Gas Mark 4 = 350°F (180°C) is the most common baking temperature.

Tip: Gas Mark = (°F − 250) ÷ 25. So 375°F = Gas Mark 5. Most modern UK recipes now include °C as well.

Conventional to Convection Oven Temperature Conversion

How to convert oven temperature for a fan oven

A convection (fan-assisted) oven circulates hot air with a fan, cooking food faster and more evenly. Because of this, convection ovens run hotter in practice — you need to reduce the temperature or shorten the baking time.

Reduce temperature by 25°F (about 15°C) compared to a conventional oven recipe. In Europe, the standard reduction for fan ovens is 20°C (e.g. a recipe calling for 200°C becomes 180°C with convection).
Alternatively, keep the same temperature but reduce baking time by about 25%.
Don't do both — pick one adjustment, not both at once.
Fan ovens are great for cookies and pastries (even browning) but can dry out bread crusts faster.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 350°F in Celsius?

350°F equals 176.7°C. In practice, set your oven to 180°C — that's the standard baking temperature used in most European recipes and is close enough for all practical purposes. This is the most common oven temperature for cakes, cookies, and quick breads.

What is 180°C in Fahrenheit?

180°C equals 356°F. In American recipes, this rounds to 350°F — the single most common baking temperature. If a European recipe says 180°C, set your oven to 350°F.

What is 400°F in Celsius?

400°F equals 204.4°C, which rounds to 200°C in practice. This is a standard roasting temperature and is also used for bread, pizza, and focaccia in home ovens.

What is 200°C in Fahrenheit?

200°C equals 392°F, which rounds to 400°F. This is a common temperature for roasting vegetables, baking bread, and making pizza in a home oven.

How do I convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?

Subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature, then multiply by 5/9. For example: 425°F → (425 − 32) × 5/9 = 218.3°C. A quick mental shortcut for baking: just divide by 2. So 425°F ÷ 2 = 212.5°C (exact: 218.3°C). This works well for all oven temperatures from 300°F upward — the error stays under 7°C, which is within oven tolerance.

How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Multiply the Celsius temperature by 9/5, then add 32. For example: 220°C → (220 × 9/5) + 32 = 428°F. A quick mental shortcut for baking: just double the Celsius. So 220°C × 2 = 440°F (exact: 428°F). For oven temperatures this gives a close enough estimate — the error stays within oven tolerance.

What temperature should I bake bread at?

Most artisan breads (sourdough, baguette, ciabatta) bake at 450–475°F (230–245°C). Enriched breads (brioche, sandwich bread, banana bread) need lower heat: 325–375°F (165–190°C) because the sugar and fat brown quickly. Pizza goes as hot as possible — 475°F+ in a home oven, or 800–900°F in a wood-fired oven.

Do I need to adjust temperature for a convection oven?

Yes. In the US, reduce the temperature by 25°F (~15°C). In Europe, the standard fan oven reduction is 20°C (e.g. 200°C conventional → 180°C convection). Alternatively, keep the same temperature but reduce baking time by about 25%. A convection fan circulates hot air, which cooks food faster and more evenly. Don't reduce both temperature and time — pick one.

What is Gas Mark 4 in Fahrenheit and Celsius?

Gas Mark 4 = 350°F = 180°C. This is the most common baking temperature in British recipes. The Gas Mark scale adds roughly 25°F (14°C) per mark: Gas Mark 1 = 275°F (135°C), Gas Mark 6 = 400°F (200°C), Gas Mark 9 = 475°F (245°C).